This paper is intended to establish living structure – a physical phenomenon and mathematical concept – as a formal concept or foundation for maps and mapping

Bin Jiang

Professor, Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, Division of GIScience, University of Gävle, Sweden

Terry Slocum

Professor, Department of Geography and Atmospheric Science, University of Kansas, Lawrence, USA

Abstract
The Earth’s surface or …

Land registration describes, generally, a system concerning ownership and other rights of the land. As a legal matter, it also attached the legal documents to provide evidence of ownership, facilitate transactions, and protect the ownership of the land from fraud…

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Within the “Tarquinia Project” and the “Centro di Ricerca Coordinato”, involving different groups of the Università degli Studi di Milano (Archaeology, Computer Science and Communication, Geoarchaeology, Palaeoanthropology)…

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Tokyo metropolitan city is divided into 23 wards. Shibuya-ward is one of them and is in the western part of central Tokyo area…

Recently, a number of conifers dying due to climate change are being found in high altitude areas of Korean national parks. The existing tree investigation method has been judged by the human visual interpretation. However, with Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) it is not only possible to measure large areas immediately…

This article focuses on the technology of creating a digital elevation model (DEM) with the help of the geographic information system (GIS)…

In Sub-Saharan Africa, and also in many developing regions, there are numerous activities for land tenure recording; however, the results are deviating from the experts’ expectations…