Property restrictions Ownership and long term leasehold are the most important rights in land. The actual content of these rights may vary between countries and jurisdictions, but in general the content is well understood. Rights to land also include the rights of use. This right may be limited through public land use regulations and restrictions, sectoral land use provisions, and also various kind of private land use regulations such as easements, covenants, etc. Many landuse rights are therefore in fact restrictions that control the possible future use of the land. Land-use planning and restrictions are becoming increasingly important as a means to ensure effective management of land-use, provide infrastructure and services, protect and improve the urban and rural environment, prevent pollution, and pursue sustainable development. Planning and regulation of land activities cross-cut tenures and the land rights they support. How these intersect is best explained by describing two conflicting points of view – the free market approach and the central planning approach.

A triumph of precision engineering Introduction The Bandra-Worli Sea Link (BWSL) is a civil engineering marvel spanning an arc of the Mumbai coastline. With its cable-stayed towers soaring gracefully skywards, the sea link is a reflection of the modern infrastructure that Mumbai is adding in its progress towards becoming a world-class city. The BWSL project is a part of the Western Freeway Sea Project, which, in turn, is a part of a larger proposal to upgrade the road transportation...

This article investigates the capability of GNSS aided smart sensor network positioning and Radio Frequency technology to monitor 3D deformation associated with volcanic activity and other comparable hazardous events Rainer Mautz Researcher and Lecturer in Engineering Geodesy at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich rainer.mautz@geod. baug.ethz.ch Washington Yotto Ochieng Professor of Positioning and Navigation Systems, Imperial College London Hilmar Ingensand Professor in Engineering Geodesy at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich Many of the world’s volcanoes that...

  This paper provides an overall understanding of the concept of land administration systems for dealing with rights, restrictions and responsibilities in future spatially enabled government. We present here the fi rst part of the paper. The remaining part will be published in December issue     Prof Stig Enemark FIG President Aalborg University, Denmark Email enemark@land.aau.dk     All countries have to deal with the management of land. They have to deal with the four functions of land...

  The paper studies the various soil characteristics that may increase the landslide in east district of Sikkim     L P Sharma National Informatics Centre, Sikkim, India lp.sharma@nic.in     P Debnath College of Agriculture Engineering and Post Harvest Technology, Ranipool, Sikkim, India       Nilanchal Patel Department of Remote Sensing, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, India       M K Ghose Department of Computer Science, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Technology, Mazitar, Sikkim, India  ...

  The United Nations monitors E-Government through regular global E-Government Surveys. The most recent Survey in 2008 shows a wide range of E-Government Readiness in the Asia and Pacifi c Region     E-Government (or Electronic Government) is described in Wiki as the use of information and communication technology to provide and improve government services, transactions and interactions with citizens, businesses, and other arms of government. The United Nations notes, in its most recent E-Government Survey, that a trend...