US Space-based Positioning, Navigation, And Timing Policy

• Provide uninterrupted access to U.S. space-based global, precise positioning, navigation, and timing services for U.S. and allied national security systems and capabilities through the GPS, without being dependent on foreign positioning, navigation, and timing services;

• Provide on a continuous, worldwide basis civil space-based, positioning, navigation, and timing services free of direct user fees for civil, commercial, and scientific uses, and for homeland security through the GPS and its augmentations, and provide open, free access to information necessary to develop and build equipment to use these services;

• Improve capabilities to deny hostile use of any space-based positioning, navigation, and timing services, without unduly disrupting civil and commercial access to civil positioning, navigation, and timing services outside an area of military operations, or for homeland security purposes;

• Improve the performance of space-based positioning, navigation, and timing services, including more robust resistance to interference for, and consistent with, U.S. and allied national security purposes, homeland security, and civil, commercial, and scientific users worldwide;

• Maintain the GPS as a component of multiple sectors of the U.S. Critical Infrastructure, consistent with Homeland Security Presidential Directive-7, Critical Infrastructure Identification, Prioritization, and Protection, dated December 17, 2003

• Encourage foreign development of positioning, navigation, and timing services and systems based on the GPS. Seek to ensure that foreign space-based positioning, navigation, and timing systems are interoperable with the civil services of the GPS and its augmentations in order to benefit civil, commercial, and scientific users worldwide. At a minimum, seek to ensure that foreign systems are compatible with the GPS and its augmentations and address mutual security concerns with foreign providers to prevent hostile use of space-based positioning, navigation, and timing services; and

• Promote the use of U.S. space-based positioning, navigation, and timing services and capabilities for applications at the Federal, State, and local level, to the maximum practical extent.

The Secretary of Defense shall:

• Have responsibility for development, acquisition, operation, security, and continued modernization of the GPS, while facilitating appropriate civil and homeland security Department and Agency representation and participation in these activities, and any decisions that affect civil and homeland security equities;

• Develop, acquire, operate, realistically test, evaluate, and maintain navigation warfare capabilities and other capabilities required to:

  = Effectively utilize the GPS services in the event of adversary jamming or other interference;
  = Deny to adversaries position, navigation, and timing services from the GPS, its augmentations, and/or any other space-based position, navigation, and timing systems without unduly disrupting civil, commercial, and scientific uses of these services outside an area of military operations, or for homeland security purposes; and

• Identify, locate and mitigate, in coordination with Departments and Agencies, as appropriate, any interference on a global basis that adversely affects use of the GPS for military operations;

• Ensure the earliest operational availability for modernized military and navigation warfare capabilities;

• Train, equip, test, and exercise U.S. military forces and national security capabilities in operationally realistic conditions that include denial of the GPS. In cooperation with the Secretaries of Transportation and Homeland Security, and as appropriate, with the Secretary of State, develop guidelines that facilitate these activities and Navigation Warfare training, testing, demonstrations, and exercises without unduly disrupting or degrading homeland security and civil services and operations, either internationally or domestically;

• Promote use of GPS national security services to allied military forces to facilitate interoperability between U.S. and allied forces and capabilities, and to maintain their use as the pre-eminent military space-based positioning, navigation, and timing capability;

• Maintain the commitment to discontinue the use of the feature known as Selective Availability designed to degrade globally the Standard Positioning Service of the GPS;

• Facilitate access to appropriate levels of national security services and user equipment at the Federal level to meet critical requirements for emergency response and other homeland security purposes, and, on an exceptional basis, for civil purposes, including state or local emergency response

• Develop improved, dedicated national security positioning, navigation, and timing capabilities, including but not limited to more diverse, flexible, and capable signals and services;

• Maintain lead responsibility for negotiating with foreign defense organizations any cooperation regarding access to or information about GPS military services; and

The Secretary of Transportation shall:

• Have lead responsibility for the development of requirments for civil applications from all United States Government civil Departments and Agencies;? Ensure, in cooperation with the Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of Homeland Security, the performance monitoring of U.S. civil space-based positioning, navigation, and timing services;

• Consistent with the guidance in Section V of this policy, and in coordination with the Secretary of Commerce and the Secretary of State, facilitate: (1) foreign development of civil positioning, navigation, and timing services and systems based on the GPS; and (2) international participation in the development of civil applications for U.S. space-based positioning, navigation, and timing services;

• Ensure, in coordination with the Secretary of Defense, that space-based positioning, navigation, and timing public safety services meet or exceed international performance standards, including but not limited to those used for these services in aviation and/or maritime applications;

• In cooperation with other Departments and Agencies, promote the use of U.S. civil spacebased positioning, navigation, and timing services and capabilities for transportation safety;

The Secretary of Commerce shall:

• Represent U.S. commercial interests with other Departments and Agencies in the requirements review of the GPS and related space-based augmentations;

• In coordination with the Secretaries of State, Defense, and Transportation and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, seek to protect the radio frequency spectrum used by the GPS and its augmentations through appropriate domestic and international spectrum management and regulatory practices;

• In coordination with the Secretaries of Defense and Transportation, and the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, facilitate cooperation between the United States Government and U.S. industry as appropriate to identify mutually acceptable solutions that will preserve existing and evolving uses of space-based positioning, navigation, and timing services, while allowing for the development of other technologies and services that depend on use of the radio frequency spectrum;

The Secretary of State shall:

• In cooperation with the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Transportation, and other Departments and Agencies promote the useof civil aspects of the GPS and its augmentation services and standards with foreign governments and other international organizations;

• Take the lead for negotiating with foreign governments and international organizations regarding civil and, as appropriate and in coordination with the Secretary of Defense, military positioning, navigation, and timing matters, including but not limited to coordinating interagency review of:
   = Instructions to U.S. delegations for bilateral and multilateral consultations relating to the planning, management, and use of the GPS and related augmentation systems; and
  = International agreements with foreign governments and international organizations regarding the planning, operation, management, and/or use of the GPS and its augmentations; and

• Modify and maintain, in coodination
  with the Secretaries of Defense, Commerce, and Energy, the Director of Central Intelligence, and the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Sensitive Technology List created by U.S. Commercial Remote Sensing Space Policy, dated April 25, 2003. In particular, include sensitive technology items and/or information related to positioning, navigation, and timing applications.

The Secretary of Homeland Security shall

• Identify space-based positioning, navigation, and timing requirements for homeland security purposes to the Secretary of Transportation, and coordinate the use of positioning, navigation, and timing capabilities and backup systems for homeland security purposes by Federal, State, and local governments and authorities;

• In coordination with the Secretary of Transportation, and with other Departments and Agencies, promote the use of the GPS positioning and timing standards for use by Federal agencies, and by State and local authorities responsible for public safety and emergency response;

• In coordination with the Secretary of Defense, and in cooperation with the Secretaries of Transportation and Commerce, ensure:
  = Mechanisms are in place to identify, understand, and disseminate
  timely information regarding threats associated with the potential hostile use of space-based positioning, navigation, and timing services within the United States; and
  = Procedures are developed, implemented, and routinely exercised to request assistance from the Secretary of Defense should it become necessary to deny hostile use of space-based position, navigation and timing services within the United States;

Upon notification by the Secretary of Homeland Security:

• The Secretary of Commerce, in cooperation with other Departments and Agencies, and with the Chairman of the Federal Communications Commission shall take appropriate and legally permissible actions required to mitigate interference to U.S. space-based positioning, navigation, and timing services within the United States; and

• The Secretary of State shall, as appropriate, notify and/or coordinate the notification of foreign governments and international organizations in cases of interference with U.S. spacebased positioning, navigation, and timing services caused by foreign government or commercial activities.